Melatonin is a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain that helps regulate your sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm). According to research, melatonin levels typically begin to rise in the evening and fall in the morning, signaling to your body when it’s time to sleep and wake up.
The hormone works by:
- Binding to receptors in the brain that reduce nerve activity
- Decreasing dopamine levels that help you stay awake
- Regulating the circadian rhythm
- Reducing body temperature to prepare for sleep
While the body produces melatonin naturally, it’s also available as a supplement, commonly used to treat sleep disorders and jet lag.
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Last Updated: August 14, 2025
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