COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a progressive lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe. It is characterized by a persistent reduction in airflow and is caused primarily by exposure to harmful particles or gases, such as tobacco smoke, air pollution, or chemical fumes. The two main conditions that contribute to COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Over time, COPD can lead to shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections. According to the World Health Organization, COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
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Last Updated: July 6, 2025
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